Bali, the picturesque Indonesian island, has a fascinating journey in the coffee world. Once, its coffee was exclusively destined for the Japanese market, but the tides of global economics have brought Balinese coffee to us. Despite its growing presence abroad, the mystery remains: how does this island, with its limited coffee-growing regions, produce so much coffee? The truth is, not all of it comes from Bali itself.
The Coffee Character of Bali
Coffee cultivation on the island faces challenges, particularly due to its low altitudes. Much of the coffee is grown below 1,250 meters, which can result in a less vibrant flavour profile. However, some Balinese coffees do shine through with sophistication and quality. These beans are typically washed (or wet-processed), similar to those from neighbouring regions like Java, East Timor, and Papua New Guinea. The result? A classic, clean cup with a great body and mildness, offering subtle hints of Bali's earthy character in the background.
A Glimpse into Bali's History
Bali's colonial history is relatively recent, with the Dutch arriving in the 1850s. A significant turning point came in 1900 when Dutch troops landed at Sanur Beach, leading to the island’s full conquest and the tragic defeat of its royal families, who resorted to ritual suicide.
Following Japanese occupation during World War II from 1939 to 1945, Bali became a province of Indonesia but has managed to preserve its unique Balinese culture. While most of Indonesia is predominantly Islamic, Bali is a stronghold of Hinduism, enriching its cultural tapestry.
The Land and Its People
Geographically, Bali is defined by a series of volcanic mountains, including the active Gunung Agung, whose catastrophic eruption in 1963 caused significant loss of life and destruction. Surrounded by coral reefs, the island boasts stunning beaches with white sands to the south and black volcanic sands to the east and north.
With a population of around 3 million, agriculture plays a vital role in Bali's economy. The primary agricultural practice is wet-rice cultivation, but you'll also find fruit plantations, corn fields, and, of course, coffee farms dotting the landscape. While most Balinese people are engaged in farming, tourism has increasingly become a crucial part of the economy, alongside businesses related to souvenir manufacturing and sales.
It's important to note that, despite its reputation as a “paradise,” many Balinese people live modestly. Economic conditions can be tough, with a significant portion of the population experiencing poverty, even by Indonesian standards. This duality creates a unique experience, as the tranquil beauty of Bali can mask the struggles of those who inhabit its less touristy areas.
Conclusion
Bali's coffee is just one of the many treasures this island offers, rich in both flavour and history. As you sip on a cup of Balinese brew, take a moment to appreciate not only the complexity of its taste but also the vibrant culture and resilient spirit of its people.